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1 Cooke, William Fothergill
SUBJECT AREA: Telecommunications[br]b. 1806 Baling, London, Englandd. 25 June 1879 Farnham, Surrey, England[br]English physicist, pioneer of electric telegraphy.[br]The son of a surgeon who became Professor of Anatomy at Durham University, Cooke received a conventional classical education, with no science, in Durham and at Edinburgh University. He joined the East India Company's aimy in Madras, but resigned because of ill health in 1833. While convalescent, Cooke travelled in Europe and began making wax models of anatomical sections, possibly as teaching aids for his father. In Germany he saw an experimental electric-telegraph demonstration, and was so impressed with the idea of instantaneous long-distance communication that he dropped the modelling and decided to devote all his energies to developing a practical electric telegraph. His own instruments were not successful: they worked across a room, but not over a mile of wire. His search for scientific advice led him to Charles Wheatstone, who was working on a similar project, and together they obtained a patent for the first practical electric telegraph. Cooke's business drive and Wheatstone's scientific abilities should have made a perfect partnership, but the two men quarrelled and separated. Cooke's energy and enthusiasm got the telegraph established, first on the newly developing railways, then independently. Sadly, the fortune he made from the telegraph was lost in other ventures, and he died a poor man.[br]Further ReadingG.Hubbard, 1965, Cooke and Wheatstone and the Invention of the Electric Telegraph, London, Routledge \& Kegan Paul (provides a short account of Cooke's life; there is no full biography).BBBiographical history of technology > Cooke, William Fothergill
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2 Telecommunications
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3 Wheatstone, Sir Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Telecommunications[br]b. 1802 near Gloucester, Englandd. 19 October 1875 Paris, France[br]English physicist, pioneer of electric telegraphy.[br]Wheatstone's family moved to London when he was 4 years old. He was educated at various schools in London and excelled in physics and mathematics. He qualified for a French prize but forfeited it because he was too shy to recite a speech in French at the prize-giving.An uncle, also called Charles Wheatstone, has a musical instrument manufacturing business where young Charles went to work. He was fascinated by the science of music, but did not enjoy business life. After the uncle's death, Charles and his brother William took over the business. Charles developed and patented the concertina, which the firm assembled from parts made by "outworkers". He devoted much of his time to studying the physics of sound and mechanism of sound transmission through solids. He sent speech and music over considerable distances through solid rods and stretched wires, and envisaged communication at a distance. He concluded, however, that electrical methods were more promising.In 1834 Wheatstone was appointed Professor of Experimental Philosophy—a part-time posi-tion—in the new King's College, London, which gave him some research facilities. He conducted experiments with a telegraph system using several miles of wire in the college corridors. Jointly with William Fothergill Cooke, in 1837 he obtained the first patent for a practical electric telegraph, and much of the remainder of his life was devoted to its improvement. In 1843 he gave a paper to the Royal Society surveying the state of electrical measurements and drew attention to a bridge circuit known ever since as the "Wheatstone bridge", although he clearly attributed it to S.H.Christie. Wheatstone devised the "ABC" telegraph, for use on private lines by anyone who could read, and a high-speed automatic telegraph which was adopted by the Post Office and used for many years. He also worked on the French and Belgian telegraph systems; he died when taken ill on a business visit to Paris.[br]Further ReadingB.Bowers, 1975, Sir Charles Wheatstone FRS, London: HMSO.BBBiographical history of technology > Wheatstone, Sir Charles
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William Fothergill Cooke — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Cooke. William Fothergill Cooke Sir William Fothergill Cooke est un inventeur britannique, né le 4 mai … Wikipédia en Français
William Fothergill Cooke — 1895 Sir William Fothergill Cooke (* 4. Mai 1806 in Ealing, England; † 25. Juni 1879 in Farnham, Surrey, England) war ein englischer Erfinder der zusammen mit Charles Wheatstone an der Entwicklung der … Deutsch Wikipedia
William Fothergill Cooke — Infobox Scientist name = William Fothergill Cooke box width = image width =150px caption = William Fothergill Cooke birth date = May 4 1806 birth place = Ealing death date = June 25 1879 death place = Farnham, Surrey residence = citizenship =… … Wikipedia
Cooke, Sir William Fothergill — ▪ British inventor born May 4, 1806, Ealing, Middlesex, Eng. died June 25, 1879, Surrey English inventor who worked with Charles Wheatstone (Wheatstone, Sir Charles) in developing electric telegraphy (telegraph). Cooke s attendance at … Universalium
Cooke , Sir William Fothergill — (1806–1879) British physicist. See Wheatstone, Sir Charles … Scientists
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William Fardely — (* 16. Februar 1810 in Ripon, Grafschaft York, Großbritannien; † 26. Juni 1869 in Mannheim) gehörte zu den Wegbereitern der elektrischen Telegrafie. Fardelys Vater, englischer Staatsbürger, hatte sich 1820 in Mannheim als vermögender Privatier… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Cooke — (spr. kuck), 1) Sir William Fothergill, Elektriker, geb. 1806 in Ealing, gest. 25. Juni 1879, studierte in Edinburg, diente fünf Jahre in der ostindischen Armee und studierte dann Anatomie und Physiologie in Paris und Heidelberg. Hier sah er 1836 … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
